New America on Ownership and Assets

Financial services decisions can have enormous consequences for household well-being. Households need a range of financial services-to conduct basic transactions, such as receiving their income, storing it, and paying bills; to save for emergency needs and long-term goals; to access credit; and to insure against life's key risks. But the financial services system is exceedingly complicated and often not well-designed to optimize household behavior. In response to the complexity of our financial system, there has been a long-running debate about the appropriate role and form of regulation. Regulation… more

Overview

Each year the federal government provides hundreds of billions of dollars in incentives for families to save and build wealth through the tax system. Low-income families, however, are not eligible for most of these tax incentives because they are poor. Low income families, like any other household, need to save to gain economic mobility and financial stability. Research has also shown that despite their low incomes, poor families can and do save when presented with the right incentives and methods… more

  Overview

Over the past two decades, policymakers, academics, and others have pursued an array of policies and strategies to help lower and middle income households build savings and assets and access reasonably-priced financial products. While progress has been made, there have been few advances to delivering a high-value, affordable financial product at scale.

Over the last five years, however, technological developments, new entrants into the financial services market, and new insights into consumer demand, particularly the financial behavior of… more

The New Saver's Act would introduce a series of new, innovative and low-cost initiatives to increase access to financial services and savings for all Americans.  Specifically, these initiatives would facilitate access to financial services during tax preparation; expand funding for low-income tax clinics; establish national savings performance measures; improve electronic transfer accounts; expand financial education; create children's savings accounts; expand the types of financial products eligible for the Saver's Credit; promote and facilitate access to U.S. Savings Bonds; and improve… more

This paper, written for Furman Center at New York University in May 2008 by New America Foundation's Ellen Seidman and the Center for American Progress' Andrew Jakabovics, discusses asset disposition lessons learned from previous financial crises -- including the activities of the New Deal-era Home Owners Loan Corporation, the Resolution Trust Corporation formed in the wake of the savings and loan crisis, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development's more recent Asset Control Area program to dispose of foreclosed… more

The presidential election of 2008 has been historic by many measures. The campaign has featured an extended and competitive primary season, which has given way to a general election contest between Democrat Barack Obama and Republican John McCain. As the campaign has unfolded, economic conditions have worsened along with rising levels of unemployment, personal debt, and mortgage defaults. The erosion of savings and household assets have increased the economic insecurity of many families and heightened interest into each candidate’s prescription… more

The current economic downturn, triggered in part by excessive household debt and deflating housing prices, underscores the central role asset ownership plays in the economic security of American families and the broader economy. Broad asset ownership, whether through savings or investment, has the potential to connect economic opportunity with economic security and ensure that every member of society is afforded a real stake in the commonwealth. Assets are important not only because they can be deployed productively or tapped to help individuals and families weather unexpected events, but… more

Executive Summary 

Poverty reduction strategies increasingly focus on the importance of creating financial assets. Child Savings Accounts (CSAs) are a novel and promising tool that builds on that focus by promoting savings starting at a young age. Child Savings Accounts (CSAs) exist as policies, products, and programs, and are being offered by governments, financial institutions, and non-profits for a variety of purposes.

This primer aims to provide an overview of the concept of CSAs, various purposes for and features of the accounts, impacts CSAs can have on a child's development,… more

INTRODUCTION

Child Savings Accounts (CSAs) exist as policies, products, and programs, and are currently being offered by governments, financial institutions, and non-profits. CSAs are more than basic savings accounts. What distinguishes CSAs from standard savings accounts is the degree to which they serve as means to an end-most often to spur the social and/or economic development of children. Another distinguishing feature is they are often intentionally targeted to children of low- and moderate-income families (as opposed to only children of middle-class… more

Foreword

In 2000, 196 Member States of the United Nations committed themselves to halve extreme poverty in the world by the year 2015. Since then, broad availability of well-designed and appropriately delivered financial services and products, including those that lead to savings and productive assets, has become increasingly recognized as essential to alleviating poverty and fostering economic security and opportunity. Yet eight years later (and with less than eight years remaining to reach this goal), some three billion people worldwide… more

The purpose of New America's Asset Building Program is to significantly broaden savings and assets ownership in America, thereby providing all Americans both with the means to get ahead and with a direct stake in the overall success of our economy. While pursuing an ambitious policy agenda at the federal level, we recognize that it is at the state level, in our nation's ‘laboratories of democracy', where the most innovative policies are often enacted. For a summary of the legislative initiatives New America's Asset Building Program in… more

The overview below revisits the proposal explored in a July 2006 Working Paper by Reid Cramer. Please click here to access that document, or see below for the updated overview. AutoSave Overview

AutoSave is a unique savings plan that automatically diverts through payroll deduction a small amount of post-tax wages into a savings account. AutoSave's design incorporates key factors that encourage saving, such as facilitation of automatic transfers to a savings account through an existing system (here, payroll deduction)… more

As the percentage of workers covered by traditional employer pension plans has plummeted in recent years, saving has become the only path to secure retirement income beyond social security. Although a significant proportion of employers now offer their workers a tax advantaged retirement savings product like the 401(k), tens of millions of workers nationwide simply do not have access to an employer sponsored retirement savings plan. In addition, individual retirement accounts (IRAs) and other retirement products offered by private… more

In an economically mobile market economy, individuals and families are able to raise their private incomes, wealth, and ability (sometimes referred to as human capital) over time and across generations. In the United States, many associate economic mobility with the pursuit of the American Dream. Education, work experience, and saving enhance the opportunity for upward economic mobility. To this end, many federal spending and tax expenditure or tax subsidy programs aim to enhance economic mobility. But exactly how much does the… more

Today's complex financial marketplace makes it increasingly difficult for individuals to understand and navigate the array of products and services available from a variety of financial service providers. For low to middle income individuals who have fewer financial resources to begin with, a solid grounding in personal finance and a clear understanding of the options and implications of one's financial decisions are all the more critical.

While there is a wide range of financial education curricula available, there is a… more

The purpose of this annual report is to summarize and take stock of the current state of federal policy through an asset-building lens, especially as it affects the asset base of families with lower incomes and fewer resources, which is the focus of our work. The report is divided into three sections. The first is a review of policy developments from the past year related to asset building, highlighting administration action and significant legislation, including assets-related bills introduced in… more

The single greatest threat to the fiscal health of the United States is the runaway growth of the nation’s major retirement and health care entitlement programs. Social Security and Medicare are projected to grow from 7.5 percent of GDP today to almost 13 percent of GDP by 2030. Already, the two programs consume over a third of the federal budget. The total present value of costs that will exceed earmarked revenues of Social Security and Medicare over the next 75 years is $41 trillion, or,… more

In support of state-wide efforts to bring more Californians into the financial mainstream, the State of California could deliver a pre-paid account through the state’s tax filing process. The Assets and Transaction Account, or ATA, would expedite tax filers’ access to their tax refunds and serve as a safe, affordable, and convenient financial tool for lower-income Californians to conduct routine financial transactions and build saving throughout the year.

The state tax filing process presents a unique opportunity… more

For the first time since 1952, the absence of incumbents vying for the nomination of each major party has created a wide open race, one where the stakes are remarkably high. This has contributed to an extended campaign process that will last almost two years by the time the presidential election is held in November of 2008. While some lament the length of this campaign cycle, it has generated a great deal of activity in the policy arena as each… more

Over the past two decades, policymakers, academics, and others have pursued an array of policies and strategies to help lower and middle income households to build savings and assets and access reasonably-priced financial products at mainstream institutions.  While some progress has been made, there have been few advances to delivering a high-value, affordable financial product at scale.

Over the last five years, however, technological developments, new entrants into the financial services market, and new insights into consumer demand, particularly the financial… more