Early Ed Watch - logo
 

Still More Stimulating Child Care

January 13, 2009 - 1:40pm

The recommendations for early education in the stimulus package just keep on coming. Before Christmas we wrote about proposals from Pre-k Now, CLASP, the Early Care and Education Consortium, National Women’s Law Center, NACCRRA, and others. Last week the National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER) added to the fray with a “Federal Early Childhood Policy Guide for the First 100 Days.”

NIEER’s offering four recommendations for federal policy action on early education in the first 100 days of the Obama administration:

  • Pass a stimulus package that includes $19 billion (spread over two years) to create new places in quality early care and education for 1 million children.
  • Increase Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG) funding by $500 million
  • Increase Head Start appropriations by $1 billion
  • Create a presidential Early Learning Council to coordinate federal early care and education programs and facilitate federal-state cooperation. (This last proposal reflects a proposal President-elect Obama made during the campaign).

In addition to these specific policy proposals, NIEER offers more detailed background and recommendations for several areas of early education policy, including state pre-k/child care collaboration, Head Start, Early Head Start, home visiting, child care subsidies, and early childhood special education. There’s a lot of information--and a number of good ideas--crammed into the six-page brief.

We’re concerned, however, about NIEER’s proposal to create 1 million new, quality early care and education slots over the next two years. This would be an unprecedented expansion. To give some context, 1 million new slots would be roughly equivalent to doubling the number of children served in state pre-k programs over the next two years. And it’s just not clear that states have capacity to do this in a high-quality way in such a short time span. Most important, there may not be enough qualified teachers out there to staff high-quality pre-k and early education programs. To be sure, creating new jobs in early care and education could attract talented individuals to the field, and the economic downturn offers a valuable opportunity to attract skilled people who might not otherwise have considered working in early education. But those people will still need time and opportunities to acquire the knowledge and skills they need to be good early childhood educators. And it will take states, non-profits, and institutions of higher education time to develop programs to train these people.

As we’ve written previously, the stimulus is just not the right way to go about expanding access to pre-k and other early education programs. There’s a real risk that the need to create spaces quickly will get ahead of the capacity to create them well, resulting in a large number of new, low-quality programs that deliver disappointing outcomes for children and ultimately undermining support for early education investments.

We do think that investing in early education facilities--as part of a larger school construction package--would be a smart way for Congress and President-elect Obama to support early education in the stimulus package. In making school construction the lion’s share of their funding proposal, NIEER is on the right track. We’re going to assume that the $15 billion proposal is an effort to set the terms of debate so that the final legislation provides substantial funding for early education facilities--not the amount NIEER actually believes Congress can provide, or, for that matter, that states and providers will be able to put to work in a two-year time frame. By way of comparison, the Obama-Biden transition team’s proposal called for $25 billion in infrastructure investments in schools, roads, and bridges combined. In that context, a $1 billion set-aside for early education facilities, as Pre-k Now has proposed, might be closer to the right amount. And we have no doubt states could get that money out the door quickly, particularly if they include community-based providers and charter schools offering early education in eligibility for the funding.

Beyond its specific proposals, NIEER’s policy brief solidifies a concern that we’ve been feeling in recent months as early childhood groups have ramped up their advocacy for a piece of the stimulus. Over the past decade, preschool advocates have worked very hard to propagate the message that these are educational programs--not just childcare--that have long-term, positive benefits for children. And that message has been central to building public and policy support for early childhood programs. Yet in an effort to win a piece of the stimulus money, advocates have shifted focus, emphasizing the value of early education as child care to help parents work and as a jobs program for childcare workers. We’re concerned that this shift, while generating some short term boosts in federal early education funding, could ultimately undo all the hard work early childhood advocates have done to convince policymakers of the educational value of these programs. Over the long-run, this could make it harder to sell policymakers on sustained early education spending increases. And there are also substantive concerns that packaging pre-k as a jobs program for adult workers, rather than an educational program for children, could take the focus off quality and education and undermine long-term quality, thereby undermining outcomes and ultimately public support.

We’re excited about the potential for improved prospects for early education under the new administration and Congress, and we’re pleased to see increased attention to these long-neglected issues. But, as we’ve noted before, these opportunities are also full of risk for the early education movement, and it would behoove early education supporters to proceed with caution, putting quality first and integrating early education into a broader education reform agenda.

Comments

Head Start should be in stimulus (part 2)

Sara,

I just can't agree with your assessment that Head Start programs should not be in the stimulus because they can't ramp up that quickly. I just got off the phone with the Board Chair of our association, Janet Anderson, and she said programs would have no trouble immediately putting new dollars to work. She responded to your claims by pointing out the following information collected by our association over the past few weeks:

1. Programs in the state of Washington have long waiting lists. As you can imagine the Seattle area has very long waiting lists. The need is out there. But it is not just in large cities. An example comes from Doug Lehrman in Vancouver, WA in the southern part of our state near Portland. He wrote to me that he has 114 children on his Head Start waiting list, and 43 children on his Early Head Start waiting list. He also states that due to the downturn in the economy his waiting list has increased from the previous year. Here is an excerpt from what he wrote:

"All of these numbers represent a significant increase in waiting list size since last year. Partly, that's due to the fact that we have a better manager over our outreach and recruitment now than we did last year, but much of it is due to economic conditions and the need for these programs in our community. We are only funded to serve about 26% of eligible children in our service area."

2. Like many programs across the country, Washington is no different in trying to find qualified staff to work for less than stellar pay. But with a $3 billion increase in Head Start funding, programs would have resources to pay teachers more and to put together an appropriate professional development plan for all staff as well as a COLA. I am not sure I agree that programs will have trouble finding qualified staff on short notice. If anything the new funds will make it easier for programs to attract and retain qualified staff.

3. Programs do have space to serve additional children. While we wish we had more space, Janet told me that many programs have the flexibility to add another part day session to their existing programming. This would make it possible to serve more children without any need to locate new space. Furthermore, programs may choose to move from part day services to full day services with new dollars. Not only will this benefit the learning opportunities for children, but would serve to help parents find work.

4. Systems building. You also mention that if Head Start and child care were to recieve an influx of new funding this would undermine efforts at improving systems. I would challenge this assumption on several grounds:

a. States are the leading arenas for system building. In the state of Washington, for instance, we have a new Department of Early Learning and a public private partnership called Thrive by Five. Funds from the Gates Foundation are being used to test models and to identify systems that work.

b. Without a well funded Head Start system building is not possible. If Head Start is funded as it should be it can continue to serve as the model for the current pre-k programs now coming onto the scene. Isn't Educare, Ok pre-k, Abbott etc...offshoots of Head Start in one form or another? Policy makers keep forgetting this when they are looking to develop something new. Head Start has always been the model for innovation and quality. No big suprise that almost every "new" model program is based on the Head Start model. Providing new funds to Head Start will allow the program to continue to be the anchor and foundation for any future system building.

c. I seriously doubt that the energy for system building will be gone or dissiapate if Head Start recieves a large increase. I think readers of this blog know that there is a considerable amount of momentum across the country for a more robust and higher quality early learning system. If anything at all new funds sent to Head Start could build on the conversation not hinder it.

5. In your comments you are essentially saying that if we call new funding for Head Start/child care a "stimulus" it will take the focus off of the benefits to children.

-First, let me say that I think your argument is overstated. Do you really think that if Head Start recieves an increase in the stimulus suddenly the consensus around the importance of the benefits of early learning on children will dissapear? Do you really think if Head Start was funded via a stimulus bill it would undermine the current thinking in early childhood circles. That seems highly unlikely. I really doubt it that policymakers will start viewing early childhood programs as just a jobs program.

-Second, I have heard Speaker Pelosi talk about new funds for Head Start as both a stimulus and a downpayment on human capital. Check out Late Edition last Sunday for example. I don't see why it can't be both and still be included in the stimulus package.

-Third, Head Start is a benefit to the child, but we often forget the work done with parents. Head Start helps parents find critical social services, locate job training programs, and in many cases find work. I don't think it is such a bad thing to remind folks that Head Start does helps children and their families. So yes it is both an early learning program but also a job training program and hub for social services.

I urge to reconsider your position. And I ask your readers to go to www.saveheadstart.org and get behind including Head Start funding in the stimulus package.

Stimulating Child Care

It is difficult to understand the arrogance of this article. It sounds like the priviledged class of advocates has lost touch with what is happening to many families in our communities. Lack of jobs, adequate safe housing, food and related items has huge numbers of families living from day to day. Do you really believe that before you can create slots one needs to over-educate caregivers to the value of their work. Please understand that most people who will care for children are also open to improving what they do as they do it.

stimulating child Care.

I am so disgusted by the on going ignorance of policy makers. I work with hundreds of care givers every single day that are not educated or a part of headstart but love the children they care for and there sol purpose is to do right by these children whom alomost 80 % are at risk children, regardles of the circumstance. The majority of these caregivers are getiing paid minimuim wage which as you all know is not even close to a living wage. These caregivers are expected to reach higher standards while the wages and subsisty stayes the same. It is foolish for anyone to believe that increasing Head Start funds will eliminate poor quality childcare programs. The realistic approach is; Manditory pay increase to all programs recieving subsidy money, increase subsidy, lower teacher child ratios and provide the same typy of services that Head Start gets to the private sector. These are the programs that would benafit from this money because the reality is these are where most children are cared for because of accessibilty and lack of choices. The most important fact to remember is that a large percentage of these providers are parents who began this profession to try and build a better life for thier own families.